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Energy Crisis Hits Europe as Danube Drought Forces Nuclear Shutdowns

Hungary and Romania face critical power shortages as record-low water levels cripple essential nuclear infrastructure.

Foreign PolicyPublished July 30, 2026 at 5:55 PM
The MVM Paks Nuclear Power Plant

The energy security of Central and Eastern Europe is under fire as the Danube River hits its lowest levels in decades, forcing the total shutdown of Hungary’s only nuclear power plant.

Prime Minister Péter Magyar warned that the nation’s power supply has reached a critical state, as the Soviet-era Paks facility can no longer draw sufficient cooling water from the depleted river.

With temperatures soaring toward 37C, the government is now resorting to emergency measures, asking citizens to curb electricity use and warning of potential rotational blackouts to keep the national grid from collapsing.

The situation is equally dire in Romania, where the Cernavoda nuclear plant has been forced to take one of its two reactors offline, threatening to strip the country of 20% of its power generation capacity. Hydrological data confirms the severity of the crisis, with river flow rates at barely a third of their seasonal average.

As shipping grinds to a halt and cruise passengers are stranded on grounded vessels, the reliance on aging infrastructure and the volatility of environmental conditions have exposed the fragility of the region's energy grid.

With no significant relief expected until mid-September, the governments of Hungary, Romania, Serbia, and Bulgaria are left scrambling to manage a self-inflicted energy crunch that leaves their citizens vulnerable to the consequences of a drying river.

Tags

foreign-policyenergy-crisiseuropenuclear-powerdanube

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